Frequently Asked Questions

Rhino Assembly

Tutorial for Rhino Assembly 1.0

Here is a simple tutorial which shows how to start playing with Assembly plugin for Rhino. The goal is to show how parts can be assembled together into a simple 3D-model providing a possibility to easily control the final shape.

To start with this tutorial ensure that the plug-in is properly installed and you see this Assembly toolbar among other Rhino toolbars (see how to install here).

Assembly Toolbar

If everything is OK with the plug-in installation, via Rhino's menu File/Open open the Pantograph.3dm which can be found in Samples folder of the plug-in installation directory or can be downloaded from our sample models page .

Click on Manager icon to open the Assembly Manager panel which contains a list of existing constraints and dimensions, now it's empty.

For the moment disable the Update Automatically check-box on the Assembly Manager panel. It means that the application of created constraints and dimensions will be done only on the user request.

Pantograph initial view

We will consider the blue part as a base (anchor) of our assembly, let's fix it by clicking Fixation Icon icon and then selecting the blue polysurface in the working area. Hit Enter to confirm the creation of the fixation constraint.

Pantograph Fix

"Fixation 1" constraint appears in the Assembly Manager. Double-click it in order open Constraint Properties panel.

Then, start assembling the parts with creation of a Concentricity constraint. Click Concentric icon. Select the pin surface and the hole surfaces to make them concentric as shown on the picture.

Pantograph Concentric 1

Then create three other Concentricity constraints for other pairs of pins and holes. To repeat the same Rhino command you can right-click anywhere instead of clicking its icon every time. Four Concentricity constraints are now shown in the Assembly Manager.

Pantograph Concentric 2

Let's see what we've just done. In order to apply the constraints and update your geometry click Apply Constraints icon. All pins and holes are now really concentric (their axes coincide).

Pantograph Concentric Assembled

However, there is an intersection between the parts. Let's get rid of it by creation of Coincidence constraints for the planar faces of different bars.

Enable the Update Automatically check-box on the Assembly Manager panel. Now all constraints and dimensions are applied automatically as soon as they are created.

Click on Coincidence icon and select the top planar face of the green pin and the top planar face of the red bar. Coincidence constraint will be created between these faces. It will be applied automatically making the planar faces coincident.

Pantograph Coincidence 1

In the same way create two other Coincidence constraints between the red and the blue parts and between the green and the magenta parts.

Pantograph Coincidence 2

OK, now there is no more intersections between the bars.

Pantograph Assembled 2

By clicking Angle icon create the Angle dimension in order to control an angle between the bars. While creating the Angle dimension select the planar face of the red bar and another planar face of the blue one.

Pantograph Angle

Type "C" when asked for the command options and hit Enter in order to specify an axis for angle measurement (there is a better control of an angle dimension when an axis is specified). Select the cylindrical surface to be an axis.

Pantograph Angle

Hit Enter when asked for angle value in order to take the current one (this value is computed from the current geometrical position between the parts).

Pantograph Angle Applied

Now your model is finally assembled, also there is a possibility to easily control the angle between the bars.

Modify the angle parameter in order to obtain different configurations of your model. If the Constraint Properties panel isn't shown double-click the "Angle 1" constraint or do right-click on it and then select "Edit.." from the context menu. On the Constraint Properties enter "45" in the Value field and hit Enter.

The geometry of the assembly will be updated automatically, the bars will be rotated and moved acoording to the changes of the angle dimension.

Pantograph Angle Changed

You can also analyze the kinematics of your model by animating it with changing the angle parameter. To do that enter "45" and "120" into the Start Value and the End Value fields of the Constraint Properties panel respectively. Then hit "Animate..." button. Animation panel appears.

Pantograph Animate

To watch the animation click the right side of Play button. After the animation is stopped try to drag the slider back and forth, see how model is changed.

In order to modify the bounds for the angle parameter click the "Edit.." button and enter new Start and End values for animation into the corresponding fields of the Constraint Properties panel. To have more smooth animation you may also increase the number of frames. Press "Animate..." button on the panel to animate the model with new parameters.


Play more with this model, try different values of angles. Try to remove existent constraints and introduce other constraints and dimensions.


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